Introduction The ESP8266 is one of the most popular Wi-Fi microcontrollers used in IoT (Internet of Things) and embedded systems. It’s low-cost, powerful, and easy to program, making it perfect
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Introduction The Blink LED program is the first step for anyone learning micro controllers. With the ESP8266 Wi-Fi micro controller, it’s even more exciting because you can later control LEDs
Introduction The HC-SR501 PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor is used to detect motion by sensing infrared radiation from objects, mainly humans and animals. It’s widely used in security systems, automatic lights,
Introduction The MQ-2 gas sensor is one of the most popular sensors used in embedded systems and IoT projects for detecting harmful gases in the air. It can detect gases
Introduction A buzzer is a simple sound-producing device that can be controlled using a microcontroller. There are two types of buzzers: In this tutorial, we’ll use a buzzer connected to
Introduction The LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is a simple but powerful sensor that detects light intensity. Its resistance decreases when light falls on it, and increases in darkness. By connecting
Introduction A relay module is an electrically operated switch that allows your ESP32 to control high-voltage or high-current devices like lights, fans, motors, and other home appliances. Since the ESP32
Introduction An LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is a sensor that changes its resistance based on light intensity: By connecting the LDR to an analog input pin of ESP32, we can
Introduction The ESP32 DOIT DevKit v1 is one of the most popular development boards for IoT and embedded systems projects. It’s a powerful microcontroller that comes with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
Introduction An LED can be turned ON or OFF using a digital pin, but controlling its brightness requires PWM (Pulse Width Modulation). The ESP32 supports PWM on almost all GPIOs,
